Hyper Surveillance In The Criminal Justice System: Balancing Security And Civil Liberties In South Asian Countries (Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka) 254 tion images or videos of large areas from above, providing authorities with valuable situational awareness and reconnaissance capabilities. 7. Social Media Monitoring: Social media platforms are increasingly being monitored by governments, law enforcement agencies, and private companies to gather intelligence, detect threats, or monitor public sentiment. Automated tools or algorithms may be used to analyze social media content for keywords, trends, or suspicious activities. These are just a few examples of the types of hyper-surveillance techniques employed in various contexts. While these technologies offer benefits such as enhanced security and crime prevention, they also raise concerns about privacy infringement, civil liberties, and the potential for misuse or abuse of power. 2. DEFINITION OF HYPER SURVEILLANCE IN THE CONTEXT OF THE CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM Hyper-surveillance within the criminal justice system refers to an intensified and pervasive level of monitoring, observation, and scrutiny applied to individuals or communities, often fueled by advanced technologies and data analytics. This concept encapsulates the systematic and excessive surveillance practices that extend beyond traditional means, such as CCTV cameras or physical patrols, to encompass digital surveillance, biometric tracking, predictive policing algorithms, and other emerging technologies. Hyper-surveillance amplifies the power imbalances inherent in the criminal justice system, disproportionately targeting marginalized groups, perpetuating discrimination, and exacerbating existing disparities in enforcement and sentencing. It manifests in various forms, including mass data collection, facial recognition surveillance, social media monitoring, and geo-location tracking, creating a pervasive atmosphere of suspicion and control. This heightened level of scrutiny not only compromises privacy rights but also raises concerns about the erosion of civil liberties, the normalization of invasive surveillance practices, and the potential for abuse of power by law
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